Thursday, 9 November, 2006
Hello All,
The record given in Monasticon Anglicanum concerning the priory
of St. Mary Overy, in Southwark, notes among many gifts that the
canons ' appropriated the churches of the manor of Benestede
[Banstead], Wudemarsesthorne [Woodmansterne], and Berghes, and the
church of St. Margaret in Southwark, given by Nigel de
Mowbray ' [1]. The specific charters include that of Nigel de
Mowbray of 'the church of my manor of Banstead', followed
immediately by that of his wife Mabel:
' Carta Mabiliae filiae Willielmi Patrio, uxoris Nigelli
de Moubray.
Notum sit praesentibus et futuris, quod ego Mabillla uxor
domini Nigelli de Moubray, concessi canonicis ede Suthwerke
unam de virgatis terrae quas Radulfus Vineton tenuit de
Nigello domino meo et marito et de me: reddendo inde ad curiam
de Benstede, &c. ' [2]
Mabel is identified in Complete Peerage as having had Banstead,
Surrey as her maritagium, but her parentage is unknown [3].
The basis for the filiation noted above is not explicit in
the text of the charter. William Patric (presumably connected with
Patrixbourne, Kent) was a contemporary, but there is no other
evidence I have seen connecting him to the Mowbrays other than
their association in the court of Henry II. If this statement in
MA can be validated, that would give Mabel part of the parentage
she has been lacking (for the last 750+ years, anyway).
Should anyone have further documentation concerning the
foregoing, that would be appreciated.
Cheers,
John *
NOTES
[1] Monasticon Anglicanum VI(1):170.
[2] Ibid., p. 172, Num. VII.
[3] CP X:372, and notes, sub _Mowbray_.
Mabel 'filia Willielmi Patrio', wife of Nigel de Mowbray
Moderator: MOD_nyhetsgrupper
-
Douglas Richardson
Re: Mabel 'filia Willielmi Patrio', wife of Nele de Mowbray
Dear John ~
The parentage of Mabel, wife of Nele de Mowbray, is discussed in the
book, Charters of the Honour of Mowbray, 1107-1191, by Diana E.
Greenway. You might want to consult this work. As I recall, Ms.
Greenway concludes that Mabel's maiden name was Patrick.
Best always, Douglas Richardson, Salt Lake City, Utah
The parentage of Mabel, wife of Nele de Mowbray, is discussed in the
book, Charters of the Honour of Mowbray, 1107-1191, by Diana E.
Greenway. You might want to consult this work. As I recall, Ms.
Greenway concludes that Mabel's maiden name was Patrick.
Best always, Douglas Richardson, Salt Lake City, Utah
-
Douglas Richardson
Patrick family of Patrixbourne, Kent
Dear Newsgroup ~
Below is a partial copy of an interesting article entitled
"Patrixbourne Church: Medieval Patronage, Fabric and History" by Mary
Berg, which article appeared in Archaeologia Cantiana, 122 (2002):
113-142. The full article may be found online at the following
weblink:
http://www.kentarchaeology.org.uk/Resea ... 06/113.htm
The information below concerns the early history of the Patrick family
who were the chief lords of Patrixbourne, Kent. It greatly expands and
corrects the coverage of this family provided by English Baronies, by
I.J. Sanders. This is the Patrick family of which Mabel Patrick, wife
of Nele de Mowbray, is believed to have been a member.
Best always, Douglas Richardson, Salt Lake City, Utah
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
"Domesday Book records that Richard, son of William,4 held
Patrixbourne from Odo, Bishop of Bayeux and half-brother of William the
Conqueror. After that, as Sanders records, the manor was held by the
Patrick family who came from La Lande-Patry, near Flers in the Calvados
region of Normandy (Map 1). William Patrick's name appears on deeds
in Normandy in the period 1066-83, and Richard was almost certainly his
son.5 The heir to William Patrick I's possessions in Normandy,
according to Surville , was Raoul whose heir was William Patrick II. A
William Patrick (probably II) was mentioned in the reign of Henry
1(1100-35) and held Patrixbourne by 1115:6 presumably the same as
mentioned in the reign of King Stephen (1135-54) as holding
Patrixbourne, according to Sanders. His heir was William Patrick III
who died in 1174 leaving four sons. The eldest son, William Patrick IV,
also died in that year and was succeeded by his brother Ingelram
Patrick who died in 1190/1, leaving no male heirs, but two married
daughters, Maud and Joan.
The Patrick family was 'one of the most ancient and the most
illustrious in Normandy' with its origins in La Lande-Patry and a
large number of other fiefdoms in the area, according to Surville . The
site of the Patrick castle at La Lande-Patry is still visible today,
although nothing remains of the building.7 There was a twelfth-century
church nearby until the late nineteenth century. Framed photocopies
displayed in the entrance porch of the present church show
reproductions of two drawings of the church as it was in the early
nineteenth century without a roof but with a Romanesque chancel arch.
According to Surville, William Patrick I was not at first a supporter
of Duke William of Normandy but underwent a change of heart to fight
alongside him at Hastings. Like many Normans who helped Duke William,
it seems that William Patrick I was rewarded with tenancies in England,
including Patrixbourne.8 William I witnessed a charter in Normandy in
1082, and in 1107 and 1129 William Patrick II witnessed records of
lawsuits in Caen and Argentan.9
Surville records that William Patrick III took part in one of the
rebellions against Henry II, King of England and Duke of Normandy,
during the tumultuous period 1171-74. He was probably among the group
of Norman barons and bishops that Henry met on 17 May 1172 close to La
Lande-Patry.10 Despite his participation in the rebellion and
subsequent imprisonment, no evidence has been found that any of his
property, either in Normandy or in England, was forfeit. Surville
states that the Patrick family either founded priories or donated land
to existing ecclesiastical establishments in the area around La
Lande-Patry, but it was not only in Normandy that the Patricks
demonstrated their piety. There are two undated charters relating to
the gift by Ingelram Patrick (1174-1190/1) of rent received from the
tenant of Patrixbourne mill to the monks of Christ Church.11 The
first charter was witnessed by, amongst others, Normans from Caen and
Falaise. This first charter also has Ingelram's seal attached,
fortunately in a remarkably good state of preservation (Plate II), and
clearly that of a man of substance.12 Ingelram's daughter Maud
married Ralph Tesson, seneschal of Normandy, and he became lord of La
Lande-Patry on the death of hisfather-in-law. Tesson was visited at La
Lande-Patry by King John on April 3, 1203 on his way to Bonneville-
sur-Touque. Presumably, King John hoped, but failed, to persuade Tesson
to support him in his struggle to retain Normandy. In 1208 Tesson's
estates in England, including Patrixbourne, were awarded to Geoffrey de
Say.13 It is clear that Joan Patrick received the church and its manor
because when she married Jean de Préaux he gave the church and its
income to the priory he founded at Beaulieu, near Préaux.14 It is not
known exactly when Jean de Préaux gave the holdings acquired as a
result of his marriage to Beaulieu, but it would seem reasonable to
assume that he did not live at Patrixbourne.
Can our knowledge of the historical context help us to make further
headway? During this period the Patricks were patrons of the church and
held manors in the area. The family was rich and influential enough to
have financed the building. The last William Patrick to be lord of the
manor of Patrixbourne died in prison in Normandy in 1174 and his heir,
Ingelram Patrick, died in 1190/91. There is some evidence that Ingelram
spent time at Patrixbourne and that he took an interest in Christ
Church Priory and so it seems reasonable to assume that he is a strong
candidate for principal donor of the church. The church was not
dependent on any of the local major ecclesiastical establishments, in
particular Christ Church Priory or St Augustine's Abbey. It is
likely, therefore, that the twelfth-century building was completed in
the period 1170-1190 under the patronage of the Patricks.
As noted above, Patrixbourne only remained under the Patrick patronage
until about 1200 when the church was given to Beaulieu Priory, near
Rouen.36 The church remained with the canons of Beaulieu, with one or
two short breaks when it reverted to the English Crown, until the
Hundred Years' War. After the loss of Normandy in 1204, the church
escheated to the Crown together with all Jean de Préaux's land in
England 37 and not recovered by Beaulieu Priory until 1207.38 When
Joan died in 1215, her land (but not the church and its income because
they had been given to Beaulieu) reverted to King John and, like the
Tesson holdings, passed into the hands of Geoffrey de Say (according to
Sanders).
The priory seems to have thrived under the patronage of the Préaux
family in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. The original
Augustinian prior and canons went to Beaulieu from Saint-Lô. There
were 15 monks in 1253, and twelve in 1267. In the 1250s the priory
suffered at the hands of rebellious peasants, in particular their vines
were burned.39 During this difficult time for the priory, in 1258, the
right to appoint a priest to the living of Patrixbourne was given by
the Archbishop of Canterbury to the Prior and Convent of Merton Priory
in Surrey (also Augustinian). This arrangement seems to have been
accepted by Beaulieu, although no record of an agreement survives."
END OF QUOTE
FOOTNOTES:
4 English versions of French names have been used for the Patrick
family because those are used in the translations of the contemporary
records and in commentaries.
5 Musset, L., Actes caennaises (Caen, 1961), no. 14, p. 107.
6 Pipe Roll, 31 Henry I, ed. J. Hunter (London, 1844), p. 66.
7 The mound or motte is still discernible. The lane leading round the
motte is called Rue Guillaume Patry.
8 Red Book of the Exchequer, ed. H. Hall (London, 1896), pp. 135,
197. Ingelram Patrick paid fifteen knights' fees in respect of his
tenancies.
9 Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum: The Acta of William I (1066-1087),
ed. D. Bates (Oxford, 1998), no. 205, p. 646. On p. 644, Bates refers
to William Patrick as one of three witnesses who are 'obscure
characters' who do not aid the dating. See also (in Bates), no. 53.
p. 253; no. 59, p. 278; no. 61, p 291. All grants/confirmations to
Caen: 52 to Saint-Etienne 1080/ix 1083, grant by William Patrick
confirmed, 59 to La Trinité
1082, William Patrick's lordship referred to, 61 to La Trinité
l066x1083, William Patrick witness; Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum.
1066-1154, vol. 2, eds. C. Johnson and H. A. Cronne (Oxford, 1956), no.
1593, p. 228 and no. 1183, p. 142 respectively.
10 F. Barlow, Thomas Becket (London, 1997), pp. 260-1.
11 Canterbury Cathedral Archives, DCc Cart Antiqua, p. 39 and p. 40,
undated but Ingelram was Lord of Patrixbourne from 1174 until 1190/1.
The charters also provide an early inclusion of 'Patrick' in the
place name (Patrichesburne).
12 Ingelram Patrick's seal bears a close resemblance to that of
William de Mandeville, Earl of Essex, made around 1180 and that of
Philip of Alsace. Both these are seals are illustrated in Heslop,
'Seals as Evidence for Metalworking in England in the Later
twelfth Century' in Art and Patronage in the English Romanesque, ed.
S. Macready and F. H. Thompson (London, 1986), pp. 52 and 57, P1. XXV.
13 Sanders refers to Maud and Joan as Ingeiram's sisters, but it is
clear from medieval sources that they were his daughters because their
husbands are reported to be sons-in-law.
35 A good example is Cintheaux where the door is on the south side and
where there is also a priest's door. The Marmion family had the
church built in the middle of the twelfth century (Musset, p. 31). The
Patricks were acquainted with the Marmions. In the first half of the
twelfth century at least two documents were witnessed by both William
Patrick and Roger Marmion in Normandy (Regesta Regum AngloNormannorum.
1066-1154, ed. H.W.C. Davis, p. 39). Later in the same century, the
Tesson family founded an abbey at Fontenay near Caen and Ingelram
Patrick and Geoffroy Marmion were among the donors (P. Carel, Etude sur
l'ancienne abbaye de Fontenayprès Caen (Caen, 1884), pp.41 and 42).
37 D. Power, 'King John and the Norman Aristocracy', in King
John: New Interpretations, ed. S. D Church (Woodbridge, 1999), 135.
Jean de Préaux took Philippe Auguste's side against King John in the
struggle for Normandy. Jean's younger brother, Pierre, was loyal to
King John and they fought on opposite sides at the siege of Rouen in
1204. Pierre remained loyal to King John and founded a priory in his
honour in the Channel Islands.
38 The Great Roll of the Pipe, Kent 9 John Michaelmas 1207, ed. A.
Mary Kirkus (Pipe Roll Society, 1946), p. 36. The land given to them by
Jean de Préaux was returned to the 'Prior et canonici de
Patrikeburc'.
Below is a partial copy of an interesting article entitled
"Patrixbourne Church: Medieval Patronage, Fabric and History" by Mary
Berg, which article appeared in Archaeologia Cantiana, 122 (2002):
113-142. The full article may be found online at the following
weblink:
http://www.kentarchaeology.org.uk/Resea ... 06/113.htm
The information below concerns the early history of the Patrick family
who were the chief lords of Patrixbourne, Kent. It greatly expands and
corrects the coverage of this family provided by English Baronies, by
I.J. Sanders. This is the Patrick family of which Mabel Patrick, wife
of Nele de Mowbray, is believed to have been a member.
Best always, Douglas Richardson, Salt Lake City, Utah
+ + + + + + + + + + + + +
"Domesday Book records that Richard, son of William,4 held
Patrixbourne from Odo, Bishop of Bayeux and half-brother of William the
Conqueror. After that, as Sanders records, the manor was held by the
Patrick family who came from La Lande-Patry, near Flers in the Calvados
region of Normandy (Map 1). William Patrick's name appears on deeds
in Normandy in the period 1066-83, and Richard was almost certainly his
son.5 The heir to William Patrick I's possessions in Normandy,
according to Surville , was Raoul whose heir was William Patrick II. A
William Patrick (probably II) was mentioned in the reign of Henry
1(1100-35) and held Patrixbourne by 1115:6 presumably the same as
mentioned in the reign of King Stephen (1135-54) as holding
Patrixbourne, according to Sanders. His heir was William Patrick III
who died in 1174 leaving four sons. The eldest son, William Patrick IV,
also died in that year and was succeeded by his brother Ingelram
Patrick who died in 1190/1, leaving no male heirs, but two married
daughters, Maud and Joan.
The Patrick family was 'one of the most ancient and the most
illustrious in Normandy' with its origins in La Lande-Patry and a
large number of other fiefdoms in the area, according to Surville . The
site of the Patrick castle at La Lande-Patry is still visible today,
although nothing remains of the building.7 There was a twelfth-century
church nearby until the late nineteenth century. Framed photocopies
displayed in the entrance porch of the present church show
reproductions of two drawings of the church as it was in the early
nineteenth century without a roof but with a Romanesque chancel arch.
According to Surville, William Patrick I was not at first a supporter
of Duke William of Normandy but underwent a change of heart to fight
alongside him at Hastings. Like many Normans who helped Duke William,
it seems that William Patrick I was rewarded with tenancies in England,
including Patrixbourne.8 William I witnessed a charter in Normandy in
1082, and in 1107 and 1129 William Patrick II witnessed records of
lawsuits in Caen and Argentan.9
Surville records that William Patrick III took part in one of the
rebellions against Henry II, King of England and Duke of Normandy,
during the tumultuous period 1171-74. He was probably among the group
of Norman barons and bishops that Henry met on 17 May 1172 close to La
Lande-Patry.10 Despite his participation in the rebellion and
subsequent imprisonment, no evidence has been found that any of his
property, either in Normandy or in England, was forfeit. Surville
states that the Patrick family either founded priories or donated land
to existing ecclesiastical establishments in the area around La
Lande-Patry, but it was not only in Normandy that the Patricks
demonstrated their piety. There are two undated charters relating to
the gift by Ingelram Patrick (1174-1190/1) of rent received from the
tenant of Patrixbourne mill to the monks of Christ Church.11 The
first charter was witnessed by, amongst others, Normans from Caen and
Falaise. This first charter also has Ingelram's seal attached,
fortunately in a remarkably good state of preservation (Plate II), and
clearly that of a man of substance.12 Ingelram's daughter Maud
married Ralph Tesson, seneschal of Normandy, and he became lord of La
Lande-Patry on the death of hisfather-in-law. Tesson was visited at La
Lande-Patry by King John on April 3, 1203 on his way to Bonneville-
sur-Touque. Presumably, King John hoped, but failed, to persuade Tesson
to support him in his struggle to retain Normandy. In 1208 Tesson's
estates in England, including Patrixbourne, were awarded to Geoffrey de
Say.13 It is clear that Joan Patrick received the church and its manor
because when she married Jean de Préaux he gave the church and its
income to the priory he founded at Beaulieu, near Préaux.14 It is not
known exactly when Jean de Préaux gave the holdings acquired as a
result of his marriage to Beaulieu, but it would seem reasonable to
assume that he did not live at Patrixbourne.
Can our knowledge of the historical context help us to make further
headway? During this period the Patricks were patrons of the church and
held manors in the area. The family was rich and influential enough to
have financed the building. The last William Patrick to be lord of the
manor of Patrixbourne died in prison in Normandy in 1174 and his heir,
Ingelram Patrick, died in 1190/91. There is some evidence that Ingelram
spent time at Patrixbourne and that he took an interest in Christ
Church Priory and so it seems reasonable to assume that he is a strong
candidate for principal donor of the church. The church was not
dependent on any of the local major ecclesiastical establishments, in
particular Christ Church Priory or St Augustine's Abbey. It is
likely, therefore, that the twelfth-century building was completed in
the period 1170-1190 under the patronage of the Patricks.
As noted above, Patrixbourne only remained under the Patrick patronage
until about 1200 when the church was given to Beaulieu Priory, near
Rouen.36 The church remained with the canons of Beaulieu, with one or
two short breaks when it reverted to the English Crown, until the
Hundred Years' War. After the loss of Normandy in 1204, the church
escheated to the Crown together with all Jean de Préaux's land in
England 37 and not recovered by Beaulieu Priory until 1207.38 When
Joan died in 1215, her land (but not the church and its income because
they had been given to Beaulieu) reverted to King John and, like the
Tesson holdings, passed into the hands of Geoffrey de Say (according to
Sanders).
The priory seems to have thrived under the patronage of the Préaux
family in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. The original
Augustinian prior and canons went to Beaulieu from Saint-Lô. There
were 15 monks in 1253, and twelve in 1267. In the 1250s the priory
suffered at the hands of rebellious peasants, in particular their vines
were burned.39 During this difficult time for the priory, in 1258, the
right to appoint a priest to the living of Patrixbourne was given by
the Archbishop of Canterbury to the Prior and Convent of Merton Priory
in Surrey (also Augustinian). This arrangement seems to have been
accepted by Beaulieu, although no record of an agreement survives."
END OF QUOTE
FOOTNOTES:
4 English versions of French names have been used for the Patrick
family because those are used in the translations of the contemporary
records and in commentaries.
5 Musset, L., Actes caennaises (Caen, 1961), no. 14, p. 107.
6 Pipe Roll, 31 Henry I, ed. J. Hunter (London, 1844), p. 66.
7 The mound or motte is still discernible. The lane leading round the
motte is called Rue Guillaume Patry.
8 Red Book of the Exchequer, ed. H. Hall (London, 1896), pp. 135,
197. Ingelram Patrick paid fifteen knights' fees in respect of his
tenancies.
9 Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum: The Acta of William I (1066-1087),
ed. D. Bates (Oxford, 1998), no. 205, p. 646. On p. 644, Bates refers
to William Patrick as one of three witnesses who are 'obscure
characters' who do not aid the dating. See also (in Bates), no. 53.
p. 253; no. 59, p. 278; no. 61, p 291. All grants/confirmations to
Caen: 52 to Saint-Etienne 1080/ix 1083, grant by William Patrick
confirmed, 59 to La Trinité
1082, William Patrick's lordship referred to, 61 to La Trinité
l066x1083, William Patrick witness; Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum.
1066-1154, vol. 2, eds. C. Johnson and H. A. Cronne (Oxford, 1956), no.
1593, p. 228 and no. 1183, p. 142 respectively.
10 F. Barlow, Thomas Becket (London, 1997), pp. 260-1.
11 Canterbury Cathedral Archives, DCc Cart Antiqua, p. 39 and p. 40,
undated but Ingelram was Lord of Patrixbourne from 1174 until 1190/1.
The charters also provide an early inclusion of 'Patrick' in the
place name (Patrichesburne).
12 Ingelram Patrick's seal bears a close resemblance to that of
William de Mandeville, Earl of Essex, made around 1180 and that of
Philip of Alsace. Both these are seals are illustrated in Heslop,
'Seals as Evidence for Metalworking in England in the Later
twelfth Century' in Art and Patronage in the English Romanesque, ed.
S. Macready and F. H. Thompson (London, 1986), pp. 52 and 57, P1. XXV.
13 Sanders refers to Maud and Joan as Ingeiram's sisters, but it is
clear from medieval sources that they were his daughters because their
husbands are reported to be sons-in-law.
35 A good example is Cintheaux where the door is on the south side and
where there is also a priest's door. The Marmion family had the
church built in the middle of the twelfth century (Musset, p. 31). The
Patricks were acquainted with the Marmions. In the first half of the
twelfth century at least two documents were witnessed by both William
Patrick and Roger Marmion in Normandy (Regesta Regum AngloNormannorum.
1066-1154, ed. H.W.C. Davis, p. 39). Later in the same century, the
Tesson family founded an abbey at Fontenay near Caen and Ingelram
Patrick and Geoffroy Marmion were among the donors (P. Carel, Etude sur
l'ancienne abbaye de Fontenayprès Caen (Caen, 1884), pp.41 and 42).
37 D. Power, 'King John and the Norman Aristocracy', in King
John: New Interpretations, ed. S. D Church (Woodbridge, 1999), 135.
Jean de Préaux took Philippe Auguste's side against King John in the
struggle for Normandy. Jean's younger brother, Pierre, was loyal to
King John and they fought on opposite sides at the siege of Rouen in
1204. Pierre remained loyal to King John and founded a priory in his
honour in the Channel Islands.
38 The Great Roll of the Pipe, Kent 9 John Michaelmas 1207, ed. A.
Mary Kirkus (Pipe Roll Society, 1946), p. 36. The land given to them by
Jean de Préaux was returned to the 'Prior et canonici de
Patrikeburc'.