Relatives of Sancha de Ayala: Barroso

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Nathaniel Taylor

Relatives of Sancha de Ayala: Barroso

Legg inn av Nathaniel Taylor » 12 nov 2005 03:13:10

Looking at references to Sancha de Ayala's uncle Pedro Lopez de Ayala in
'Google print' today I came across a howler, in Lynette M. Bosch, _Art,
Liturgy and Legend in Renaissance Toledo_ (Penn State Press, 2003), pp.
8-11.

It's a discussion of the circle of Spanish intellectuals at the papal
court of Avignon in the 14th century, which of course mentions Pedro
Lopez de Ayala and his cousin Cardinal Pedro Gomez Barroso--sort of.
The howler is that Bosch thinks that Pedro Martinez de Luna, later
antipope as Benedict XIII, is the same person as (the younger of the two
cardinals named) Pedro Gomez Barroso, who was archbishop of Seville,
then a cardinal at Avignon from 1371 to his death in 1374. Bosch says
(of Luna):

" [another] ... significant Spaniard at Avignon was pedro de Luna, Pope
Benedict XIII. ... Before his election, Pedro de Luna (holding the title
of Cardinal Pedro Gomez de Barroso) maintained a household in Avignon,
where the Spanish representatives, especially those from Aragon,
gathered. Barroso was Aragonese; he was born at Ilueca in c. 1328.
Thus, the Aragonese presence was particularly noticable in Barroso's
household. Hence, Aragon as well as Castilla participated in the
cultural exchange between Spain and Avignon. Barroso's attendants
included a painter, something that seems to have been unusual. ...
Barroso's connections at the Aragonese and Castilian courts and his
presence at Avignon attracted a number of his relatives and supporters
.... Martin de Cordoba, Juan Fernandez de Heredia ... Fernan Perez de
Guzman ... Pedro Lopez de Ayala (Barroso's cousin) ... "

Some of what she says is true about Barroso, and some is true about
Luna. But they were differen people. Barroso was not Aragonese: the
man who was born at Ilueca (Aragon) in 1328 was Pedro de Luna. I don't
have access to her footnote for this, but she must have misinterpreted a
sentence about Pedro de Luna's elevation to the cardinalate: he did
indeed 'hold the title of Cardinal Pedro Gomez de Barroso' on his
elevation to cardinal, but it was not because he was that person, but
because he succeeded to his particular vacancy in the college of
Cardinals. Barroso had died in late 1374, and Pedro de Luna became a
cardinal in following year, perhaps to fill an Iberian quota at the
court. It's like saying that what's-his-name Alito was previously known
as Sandra Day O'Connor.

Furthermore, most of Bosch's remarks that apply to Barroso are based on
Helen Nader's discussion of a DIFFERENT cardinal Pedro Gomez
Barroso--the one who died in 1348--not the later Pedro Gomez Barroso (d.
1374) who was Pedro de Luna's predecessor among the cardinals. It was
the earlier man who, Nader notes, had maintained a painter in his highly
cultured household at Avignon (where Pedro Lopez de Ayala, the
chancellor, spent some formative years). The confusing background fact
is that there were two 'Pedro Gomez Barroso' who were cardinals at
Avignon in the 14th century; And furthermore there were THREE bishops
named 'Pedro Gomez Barroso' in the 14th century--two who became
cardinals & one who did not.

[For a good list of cardinals, with dates of appointment & death, see:

http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/consistories-xiv.htm

For a good set of episcopal lists of medieval Spain (detailed, but of
uncertain provenance), see:

http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Atlantis/2572/
]

Finally, because of the 14th-century Spanish habit of musical chairs for
bishops, there were as many as seven cities with a Pedro Gomez Barroso
on the cathedral throne at some time.

Here they are as best I can figure it:

1. Pedro Gomez Barroso; (say 1280) - 1348
bishop of Cartagena 1326-1327
cardinal at Avignon from 1327 to his death in 1348 (Black Death)
He was great-uncle to Pedro Lopez de Ayala, the writer.

The two younger men appear to have been contemporaries:

2. Pedro Gomez Barroso (the other cardinal); d. 1374
archbishop of Seville 1369 - 1371
cardinal 1371 - 1374 (when he died)

3. Pedro Gomez Barroso
bishop of Osma 1367 - 1372
bishop of Cuenca 1373 - 1378

[Then, unlike now, these guys would leave their sees to join the papal
court on being appointed cardinal.]

Furthermore at least one of these later men had been bishop of other
cities before the late 1360s: one of them was bishop of Siguenza from
1348 to 1358, then bishop of Coimbra from 1358 to 1364 (according to
Ibercronox). From the dates, it could be either man. I also see one
reference saying that the one who became cardinal in 1371 had previously
been bishop of Zamora, but I find no complete episcopal list for
Zamora.

Now: where do these two distinct later Pedro Gomez Barrosos fit on the
stemma? I can assume that all are agnate descendants of the first Pedro
Gomes Barroso, the noble who settled in Toledo, who is credited as being
one of the Galician - Portuguese courtly poets of the reign of Alfonso
X, but I only have room for the earlier cardinal and ONE of the later
bishops:

Pedro Gomes Barroso = Lambra Fernandes de Acevedo
late 13th c. |
|
_______________________|_____________________
| | | |
Fernan Perez B. various daughters Gomez Perez B.
= Mencia Garcia issue?
| de Sotomayor
|____________________________________________________
| | |
Garcia Fernandez B. Pedro Gomez B. (II) Sancha Fernandez
= Teresa Gudiel bishop of Cartagena, = c. 1300
| 1st cardinal Pero Lopez de Ayala II;
| d. 1348 grandparents of the
| chancellor; great-
| grandparents of
| Sancha de Ayala
|________________________________________________________
| | |
Fernan Perez B. Teresa Garcia B. others?
= Mayor Perez de = Diego Garcia de Toledo III
| Acevedo (dispensation 1353)
|___________________________________
| |
Pedro Gomez B. (III) Garcia Fernandez B.
the other ancestor of the Barroso / Ribera
cardinal [?]

To top it all off, the man who was archbishop of Seville & Cardinal from
1371 to 74 is sometimes named as "Pedro Gomez Barroso Albornoz"; the one
who was birhop of Osma and Cuenca is sometimes called "Pedro Gomez
Barroso Garcia", though neither of these second surnames makes sense for
the man at the bottom of the chart I give here.

So: can anyone say where does the third bishop Pedro Gomez Barroso fits?

I suppose I should cite some sources for this discussion. Let me get
back to you all on this...

Nat Taylor

a genealogist's sketchbook:
http://home.earthlink.net/~nathanieltaylor/leaves/

my children's 17th-century American immigrant ancestors:
http://home.earthlink.net/~nathanieltay ... rantsa.htm

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